Indoor air pollution

Sick building syndrome and multichemical sensitivity may not hit the headlines as often as they used to, but they do continue to represent an important health and safety issue for those who manage work place environments.

Now, researchers in Sweden have carried out a detailed analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as aldehydes, amines, and acids, that are found in the air of various buildings. They compared their results for buildings in which people with non-specific building-related symptoms (also called sick building syndrome, SBS) perceive health problems and for buildings where they do not.

More on this in my latest news featured in SpectroscopyNOW.com.

HIV death sentence

AIDS VirusAside from write-ups in the New York Times and the journal Nature, there has been very little in the media recently concerning the plight of five Bulgarian nurses and a Palestinian doctor who face death sentences in Libya. The six are charged with deliberately infecting hundreds of children with HIV, the AIDS virus, in 1998. The charges are nothing more than “preposterous” says the NYT, given that infections appeared before these medics began work at the hospital in question! The NYT suggests that this “looming miscarriage of justice demands a strong warning to the Libyan leader, Muammar el-Qaddafi, that his efforts to join the ranks of peaceable nations will suffer if the medical workers are made the scapegoats for the failure of Libya’s own health system.” The evidence points to wholly inadequate hygiene as being to blame rather than the accused individuals.

Nature reported in September that defence lawyers working for the six medical workers have called for the international scientific community to support a bid to prove the medics’ innocence. We should expect nothing less, yet there has apparently been no outcry, no figurative call to arms among biomedical scientists outraged by this state of affairs. Conversely, almost 80,000 people have registered an interest in hearing the results of the Steorn Challenge and dozens of scientists have been called on to help the company validate its findings of new form of energy production. If such a publicity campaign and dozens of reports across the blogosphere can raise such momentum regarding what appears to be a perpetual motion machine, then surely scientists and bloggers across the world can be drawn to this far more critical scientific cause.

AIDS VirusThe six medics were arrested in 1999. Confessions were wrought from each of them under torture according to human rights organisations, but the individuals later retracted their statements. It seems to be beyond doubt that the six are not guilty yet they have been under a death sentence since 2004. Nature suggests that the silence of scientists over this case is due to a hope that diplomacy might resolve the issue. After all, the NYT reports, the White House currently has Libya on a pedestal as an ideal state that no longer abides weapons of mass destruction.

However, should the firing squads raises arms against those six medics, without a fair, scientifically based trial, then Libya’s position on that pedestal will come crashing down just as quickly as if it were yet another rogue state harbouring WMD.

Fellow science blogger and journalist Declan Butler, who alerted me to this state of affairs, points out that AAAS and other scientific bodies have begun to respond. The Nature leaders on this are available as pdfs – Libya1 and Libya2.

Check your science links

If you run a science blog, chances are we added you to the Sciencebase science and engineering links pages today in our latest update, there are now almost 40 entries on that page. Please take a quick look to confirm we got your URL and anchor text right. If we didn’t please, please, please let me know and I’ll get it fixed. If you’re not listed on that page and would like to be, please get in touch, we’re aiming to add a maximum of fifty science blogs on that page and it’s first come, first served.

Pac-man enzyme fights Alzheimer’s

Insulin degrading enzymeThe day the UK’s medicines approval agency NICE, announces that certain Alzheimer’s drugs are to be limited to those in the latter stages of the disease to get the best value for money, I read a Nature press release announcing a novel approach to treating the disease based on supercharging an enzyme that looks like the video game character Pac-man. US researchers have determined the crystal structure of a protein-degrading enzyme as it binds to its natural protein substrates.

Their work suggests a possible way to design drugs that either inhibit the enzyme to slow the degradation of insulin in diabetes or boost its activity to help it clear out amyloid-beta from the brain cells of Alzheimer’s disease sufferers.

Read on in my latest news round up on Spectroscopynow.com

Mobile science news

science wap We’re beta testing a new way for Sciencebase readers to grab the science headlines. You can now access Sciencebase science news headlines on your WAP phone and similar devices, no need to tell us your phone number or anything, just follow this science wap link.

Everything seems to validate and it shows up on my cellphone and renders properly with wmlbrowser extension in Firefox, but I’d like to hear from readers who cannot access the site using their mobile device. Please post details of the device your using the browser it runs and and what you see or don’t see when you try to connect to the sciencebase wap site, thanks.

Of course, you can always get them the traditional way by clicking the RSS subscribe button at the top left of this page and following the simple instructions.

Desktop bird flu test

It always come down to money. From Friday, the ability of London’s financial services industry to cope with a bird flu pandemi will be put to the test as money-oriented firms across The City (London’s financial district) check their metaphorical handkerchiefs and determine whether they are ready or not. So says a report just in from Reuters. In fact, Reuters refers to an “outbreak of a bird flu pandemic”. I’m not sure what that means, an outbreak of a pandemic…but you get the point.

The six-week desktop exercise will figure out whether Britain’s banks, insurers, stock exchange, traders and all the other suit-wearing types will be able to cope with the pandemic. It is important, of course, if a pandemic hits and no one can buy shares in the flu drug manufacturers there would be an immediate crisis. Probably best to stock up now, before they find there’s no way their braces not belt approach will be able to handle it.

Failing schools chemistry labs

School laboratory Almost £2 billion (about $3.7 billion) is needed to refurb school chemistry laboratories and help ensure British science remains viable, according to the Royal Society of Chemistry. If the money is not ring-fenced vital plans to upgrade the labs will fall a quarter of a century behind government targets.

The RSC’s chief executive Richard Pike said today: ‘Our case for faster action to improve school labs, and to assign money to the task, is powerful and incontrovertible. Without something being done to address this slippage Britain could drift to the margins of world science as potential young talent goes unexploited.’ If the government fails to deliver, then this will harm the UK’s competitiveness, the RSC claims in a report on the state of Britain’s school labs, published today:

Pike adds that, ‘There is an acute national need to promote chemistry attractively and inspirationally at school. We have a duty to stimulate the science interest of young people and it is glaringly obvious that sub-standard, dull and bedraggled laboratories will sour the appeal of chemistry and deter them from engaging in the subject successfully.”

With many university chemistry departments hanging by a shoestring and most recently the physics department at Reading University facing closure, it seems timely to remind the government of the importance of science education. Without the much-need upgrades to school labs, our children will not gain the necessary skills so effectively, will not develop a love of science, and will opt for alternative careers. Ultimately, the UK’s science base and so its international competitiveness on many fronts will suffer.

Of course, with the government also intending to abandon assessed coursework for science, maybe we won’t need those labs at all.

Canary row

If you’re planning a holiday in the Canary Islands sometime in the next 10000 years you can rest assured that there isn’t likely to be a devastating collapse of the volcanic island of La Palma and an ensuing tsunami.

According to researchers in the Netherlands, La Palma is a lot more stable than is generally assumed. Jan Nieuwenhuis and his colleagues have cast doubts on pessimistic estimates of the effects of a collapse of the southwestern flank of La Palma caused by a volcanic eruption. Geologists had previously calculated that such a collapse would cause a mega tsunami that might roar across the Atlantic wreaking havoc on the US eastern seaboard, Europe, and Africa, with waves initially 650 metres high moving at 800 kilometres per hour. A tsunami on this scale could wipe New York, Boston, Lisbon, and Casablanca from the face of the map.

The findings are likely to cause something of a row among geological researchers a faction of which believe La Palma could collapse into the sea very soon indeed causing a tsunami big enough to engulf the US eastern seaboard, the exposed North African coast and countless Portuguese ports.

You can read the full story in my Spotlight column on Intute.

Teapots and the God Delusion

The God Delusion, Richard DawkinsRichard Dawkins told us in the 1970s that all organisms are nothing more than gene machines, robot zombies built by molecules we loosely know as genes to no end other than to ensure the replication of those very molecules. There is no purpose here, although Dawkins anthropomorphically endowed the genes with selfishness. Later, he extrapolated this concept of self-replicating entities to concepts, patterns of thought, that exist only in the organism we know as Homo sapiens and that are duplicated not by sex and reproduction but through communication via the systems we call culture. These self-replicating entities he referred to as memes.

It became apparent very early in the development of his meme theory that although a nursery rhyme or the concept that walking under a ladder may somehow bring one misfortune are persistent memes that can traverse the generations through repetition from parent to child and in playgrounds the world over, one meme in particular seems to have been with us since the beginning of human culture. The idea that there is a god, a creator, a supernatural entity that brought humanity and all the universe into existence purely for our benefit.

Dawkins believes this is a nonsense. Evolution teaches us that humans exist because as gene machines our ancestors were better suited to the environments they encountered and able to reproduce. Each one of us can trace our ancestry through a long-line of survivors all the way back to the Cambrian Explosion and beyond to the dawn of life on earth. However, consciousness brought with it the realisation of death, our emotional centres couldn’t cope with the death of loved ones nor the thought of our own mortality. It also brought with it curiosity about the very origins of the world and ourselves. Put the two together in the form of some kind of supernatural creator and the potential for this consciousness to persist after death and you have a good-feeling meme that explains everything and wards off the fear of death in one fell swoop.

Unfortunately, this simple meme, which may have seen our ancestors through many a dark night, spread and diverged into as many different forms as there are languages on the planet, so that today we have the Christian, Islamic, Hindu, Sikh, Juddaic, Neopaganist, Jeddist, etc version of this meme and all the trouble its interpretation brings.

Dawkins wants to set the record straight, there is no “God” of the organised religions. That god is as real as the teapot that orbits the far-side of the Sun, he says. In The God Delusion he attempts to persuade the believers that the very thing on which their faith is founded is nothing more than a self-replicating cultural entity going by the name of meme.

His thesis wins him no friends among the religious and the specifics of his argument are not always accepted by science (but that’s the way of science). But, at least he’s honest. The death of religion itself, Dawkins says, would free us from the prehistoric or at best mediaevel, attitudes and rules that have shackled us for generations to the notion of an afterlife for us and our loved ones. He sees much more purpose in the beauty of life itself without resorting to a benevolent creator.

If deleting this meme from the gene machines we know as Homo sapiens were possible, we might truly see the dawn of an age of rationality in which killing because one’s imaginery friend advised one to do so was no more.

Red, red wine

How come it is next to impossible to get a red wine stain out of a white shirt, and yet as soon as inadvertently include a red shirt in with a white load in your washing machine you ended up with all those whites turning pink instead of bluey?

Can’t those dye chemists use whatever it is that makes red wine stain so well to fix the red pigment in that shirt so that it doesn’t come out in the wash?

Just a thought.