How to identify British Moths

Sean Foote is a marvel. Over on Twitter he responds to tagged tweets from people who have photographed a UK moth or two and would like to know what species of moth they have. I’ve used his services on numerous occasions often to confirm an identification, but more often when I simply didn’t have a clue as a relative n00B moth-er. It’s an entirely free service although users can “buy him a coffee” here as a mark of appreciation.

He keeps records, as you would, and publishes details of the most requested identifications, he’s also got a nice Top 100 with tips on how to identify some of the more ambiguous Lepidoptera. I’ve compiled a list of the Top 40 here. Don’t forget to leave a tip for him if you find them useful.

    1. Square-spot Rustic. 393 queries
    2. Common Rustic agg. 292 queries
    3. Uncertain/Rustic. 279 queries
    4. Large Yellow Underwing. 270 queries
    5. Double-striped Pug. 258 queries.
    6. Common Pug. 254 queries
    7. Marbled Minor agg. 251 queries
    8. Willow Beauty. 247 queries
    9. Common Marbled Carpet. 213 queries
    10. Flounced Rustic. 185 queries
    11. Bee Moth. 180 queries
    12. Dark Arches. 178 queries
    13. Turnip. 168 queries
    14. Chrysoteuchia culmella. 167 queries
    15. Light Brown Apple Moth. 166 queries
    16. Mottled Rustic. 157 queries
    17. Celypha lacunana. 154 queries
    18. Riband Wave. 150 queries
    19. Eudonia lacustrata. 149 queries
    20. Clouded Drab. 148 queries
    21. Vine’s Rustic. 147 queries
    22. Small Dusty Wave. 136 queries
    23. Cnephasia sp. 134 queries
    24. Rustic Shoulder-knot. 132 queries
    25. Pale Mottled Willow. 127 queries
    26. Smoky Wainscot. 124 queries
    27. Clay. 124 queries
    28. Lesser Yellow Underwing. 120 queries
    29. Ingrailed Clay. 119 queries
    30. Common Plume. 113 queries
    31. Yellow Shell. 107 queries
    32. Shuttle-shaped Dart. 106 queries
    33. November Moth sp. 105 queries
    34. Common Quaker. 103 queries
    35. Cabbage Moth. 102 queries
    36. Dusky Brocade. 98 queries
    37. Brindled Pug. 98 queries
    38. Scoparia ambigualis. 96 queries
    39. The Nutmeg. 95 queries
    40. Cloaked Minor. 94 queries

Hunstanton Fulmars

Recently, I mentioned the presence of an intriguing seabird spotted flying over our very land-locked Cambridgeshire village – the Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis. The nearest flock of nesting Fulmar is on the layered cliffs that back the North beach at Sunny Hunny, Hunstanton on the North Norfolk coast looking out across The Wash and beyond to St Botolph’s in in the Lincolnshire town of Boston.

Fulmars sit in the Petrels and Shearwaters group of birds, the Procellariiformes meaning the tubenoses. So-called because along the crest of their bill they have a tubular structure that encloses one or two nostrils. They might be confused with gulls but a closer view reveals them to be rather different and even at a distance their stiff-winged flight is a giveaway.

Fulmar flying off Hunstanton Cliffs
Sandwich Tern taking a dive at Hunstanton, one of dozens
In for the kill
Lots of Swifts over the cliffs, making flying pecks at the limestone
Hunstanton cliffs
Wreck of the trawler The Sheraton (launched 1907) at Hunstanton…the vessel was a WWII patrol vessel, ultimately wrecked in 1947.

Fruit of The Tall Sock Destroyer

This unassuming plant, flowers and fruit in the photo, which just happens to be growing locally along the edge of a sugarbeet field, is actually an endangered species on the “red” list…it’s a type of wild carrot that goes by the scientific name of Torilis arvensis, but you can call it The Tall Sock Destroyer*

*It’s also known as Spreading Hedgeparsley, which sounds more like a skin disorder people who run through amber fields of grain might get rather than the worst-ever Marvel comic superhero…

Its fruits have sticky little purple barbs that under normal circumstances cling on to the wool of passing sheep and the fur of other animals and spread the seed wherever those animals might graze. In times of herbicide use and less brazen shepherding, the plant has not thrived and is very much endangered, so it’s lovely to know that it’s growing on the outskirts of our fen edge village in Cambridgeshire. NB This is only the second time I’ve “twitched” a plant.

Sciencebase in the time of Covid

Up front: Nothing much has changed for my working practices since the coronavirus pandemic struck and we were all put into varying degrees of lockdown and social distancing. I’ve carried on with regular clients covering science news across a wide range of disciplines for the outlets that have all been mentioned here on numerous occasions over the last 25 years of this website…

As a household, we never did run out of loo roll nor any other essentials despite not stockpiling nor panic buying…

Lockdown did mean more “at home” time, no choir nor band rehearsals, only in-the-house solo music creation and broadcasts and a couple of online collaborations which I’d done often enough in normal times long before the so-called new normal. My Lockdown EP is almost a mini-album now with eight tracks. As for everyone lots of interactions with friends, family, colleagues, and collaborators via video chat servers, which is entertaining enough but tiring on the eyes.

There were lots of garden-based and very local photographic and video opportunities: PondWatch, GardenWatch, even ShedWatch on Facebook and the expansion of Lepidopteral diversity in the garden as the spring turned to summer. Indeed, anything of biological could quickly become a major focus for a blog post and I quickly add photographic specimens to Instagram and Imaging Storm. Then, there’s AllotmentLife to be taken care of…

If you need to drill down into any of this stuff there is a whole category structure within the Sciencebase website that has evolved over the years:

Photography,  Classic Chords, Chemistry, Social Media etc

 

Spreading Hedgeparsley, The Tall Sock Destroyer

There’s a growing list of wildflowers classed as endangered in The British Isles, among them Apparently, Spreading Hedge-parsley, also known as the Tall Sock Destroyer. A friend of mine, Pam, spotted some growing along a sugarbeet field margin on the north edge of our village. I had to “twitch” it, it seemed so exotic.

Spreading Hedge-parsley flowers

It’s a delicate-looking plant of the carrot family, I was not particularly worried about ruining my socks even if that vernacular name sounds like its the worse of the DC/Marvel superheroes. Identification has now been confirmed by the county recorder here in VC29. So, here’s one of my snapshots of Torilis arvensis.

Let’s hope its presence in our village persists. It’s a good sign if we are seeing endangered species growing again, it could be their comeback. It would be interesting to know whether this is a positive effect on the environment of reduced traffic and human activity because of the Covid-19 lockdown. Who knows? And, after we ease lockdown will things revert to their problematic pre-pandemic condition?

Torilis arvensis fruit bodies – Photo by Pamela Newman

The bristly seed-bearing fruits have slightly curved bristles which presumably readily stick to the wool of grazing sheep and the wool of hikers’ socks. Its decline is mostly blamed on agricultural herbicides but the lack of grazing sheep on intensively farmed arable land in modern agriculture may also be to blame for the seed not to be spread as widely as it once was.

Torilis arvensis flowers – Photo by Pamela Newman

That’s okay, tonight – vocal remix

I can’t leave a finished thing alone…the “instrumental” I wrote and recorded and blogged about last week now has a vocal…

Words and Music by David Bradley

Vocals, six-string Taylor acoustic guitar, Fender Telecaster, electric guitar, and Yamaha bass, harmony vocals, and production by dB. Drums by Klaus Tropp. Video derived from a “C0” Creative Commons montage of Hong Kong filmed from the air at night. Annotations by dB.

That’s okay, tonight

Step up to the light, learn you’re not the only dreamer
Find a place for you to shine
Try as you might, you won’t find another schemer
Who twists the knife like you’re not mine

…and I’m telling you…
You were the calm before the storm,
You told the lies that kept me warm
And you had it all, though I could’ve sworn you’d thrown it all away

No, I don’t want another fight
I’ll see you in the glare of the morning light
No need to cry tonight
No, I don’t want another fight
We’re okay for tonight

Revenge of the toxic zucchini

Allotmenteers growing courgettes on their plot might be thankful if they stockpiled loo roll during the lockdown as it has emerged that a batch of zucchini seeds may contain seeds that will grow into toxic hybrid plants. The courgettes that grow from these hybrids contain high concentrations of a natural plant steroid called cucurbitacin E, which is very bitter but also acts as a potent laxative.

A warning about the putative lavatorial impact of these courgettes was first reported in June on the Brighton and Hove Allotment Federation web site. A lively discussion with frequent interruptions has grown on their site ever since. Members eventually worked out that the source of the seeds was Mr Fothergill’s. Within the last hour, the seed company has posted a recall notice on its website, Twitter and elsewhere:

URGENT PRODUCT RECALL NOTICE

It has come to our attention that a batch of our Courgette Zucchini seeds, labelled batch code "I", could contain a small number of seeds that could produce bitter-tasting fruits. This could be due to unusually high levels of cucurbitacins...

So, if you’re harvesting your courgettes (zucchini) this weekend check your seed packet batch number before starting that stirfry and don’t eat any courgette that tastes very bitter.

Interestingly, the toxic effects of cucurbitacin E exists in this family of plants to protect them from aphids, it acts as a natural insecticide. However, it may also have medical applications. The compound and its chemical cousins are being investigated for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and even anticancer properties. Of course, the pharmaceutical scientists will have to modify the structure to reduce the alimentary effects of the compound if it is to be a successful medicinal drug.

Is that okay tonight?

I suspect most Sciencebase readers are not particularly interested in my songwriting process, but I’ve been posting different strands of my songs, snaps, and science for so long now that if you’re still with me, then you’re still with me and I thank you for your patience and loyalty!

Anyway, I talked about the process of a new track – “That’s okay, tonight” – a few days ago, it was always on the cards, though I was in denial, that what was an annotated instrumental would inevitably become a song.

That’s okay, tonight

Step up to the light, learn you’re not the only dreamer
Find a place for you to shine
Try as you might, you won’t find another schemer
Who twists the knife like you’re not mine

…and I’m telling you…
You were the calm before the storm,
You told the lies that kept me warm
And you had it all, though I could’ve sworn you’d thrown it all away

No, I don’t want another fight
I’ll see you in the glare of the morning light
No need to cry tonight
No, I don’t want another fight
We’re okay for tonight

Musical portmanteau – portmantunes

Meanwhile, on a deadline and so needless to say, distracted by a twitter game a guy called Geoff on twitter triggered…

He started it with:

“Woke up, fell out of bed
Dragged a comb across my head,
My shaving razor’s cold,
And it stings.”

A Daydream Believer In The Life

Which I think would work better as “In the life of a daydream believer”…

That made me come back with:

“There’s a lady who’s sure all that glitters is gold and she’s buying a highway to hell” — LedC/DeeC

and “Ground control to Rocket man” — Elton Bowie

and “It’s a godawful small affair to the girl with the broken smile” –Maroon Bowie

He mentioned list songs that could work really well – Nothing Ever Happens, Parklife, We Didn’t Start The Fire, End Of The Workd As We Know It). “They are probably a goldmine for this, the Kevin Bacon of lyric mashups,” he tweeted.

So, I did: “That’s great, it starts with an earthquake
Birds and snakes, “The King and I”, “The Catcher in the Rye”
We didn’t start the end of the world as we know it” – Billy Rem

and he came back with

“Telephone exchanges click while there’s nobody there,
The Martians could land in the car park and no one would care.
And then you’re in the man from Mars
You go out at night, eatin’ cars” — Del Ablondie, Nothing Ever Raptures

and

“It’s oh so quiet
Shh shh
It’s oh so still
Shh shh
You’re all alone
Shh shh
And so peaceful until
Wednesdays, when I get rudely awakened by the dustmen.” — Blürk

and

“Let them know it’s Christmas time,
Mistletoe and wine…” — Cliff Aid

and I did

“My sugar pie, honey bunch brings all the boys to the yard and they’re like, it’s better than yours”

and he did

“Open the door, get on the floor,
Everybody be cool, this is a robbery!”
*bass riff* — Was Not Dick Dale
(From the Jurassic Fiction soundtrack)

and

“Mama, it’s raining men,
Put a gun against his head,
Let myself get soaking wet….”

“It’s Raining Bohemians” by, I added, the Weather Queens?

and I alluded to The Move and The Beatles fruity overlap

“Goodbye Blackberry Fields Forever”

and I also did

“Sweets for my sweet sugar sugar for my honey honey” — Archie Drifter

#portmantunes

He also suggested the following as a hypothetical thesis: Subject Diversity In Lyrics And The Impact On Mashups: A Small Hairy Ball World Theory Analysis Bacon, Erdős, Osbourne et al

to which I replied: Hermann Goering, MC Escher, JS Bach?

Blürk is the best, he wins!

 

As a footnote, checked with Geoff if he was happy for me to blog these…his DM response: “Go for it…or better still – Book ’em, Chewie!”

That’s okay, tonight

Sometimes a guitar lick comes out of nowhere…it just finds itself morphing from sub-cognitive neuronal activity to muscular movements and takes on a life of its own. I noodled about on the guitar with one such riff recently. Simple stuff really, the basic chords were a few majors and a minor, but working up the neck rather than standard first positions. Then a repeat of that but ending with a turnaround taking it back down.

It was reminiscent of a hit song by Frankie Valli and The Four Seasons which we sing with bigMouth occasionally. Classic song, Northern Soul style. I left it for a while, I couldn’t just write a new version of The Night.

A couple of weeks went by, the arpeggio was still in my head, shifted it up a third to give it a different vibe and added what one might call a chord progression for a putative chorus, almost with a flamenco bouquet. I wanted to build it into something but step well away from trying to do a Northern Soul song. So, I turned to the fantastic drum recordings of previous online collaborator, Klaus T. He had a recording in his archives on WikiLoops that was perfect, but only one minute thirty long.

I downloaded the wav file and overdubbed a bit of directly injected Taylor acoustic guitar, capo 3, with the chord progression arpeggiated. Sounded fine, but his track was too short for a complete song and there were fills and endings I needed to edit over to extend it for a full-length song. With that done, I redid the acoustic overdub to make it a complete song of about 3 minutes, then added a Yamaha bass lick. With that nailed, a heavy funk guitar was needed and that was done on Fender Telecaster.

Next step would be to write some words to make it into a song. Something I often do while trying to think of a lyric is to lay down a guitar solo over the whole song to give me an idea of what the melody might sound like once the words are ready, so that was done. Then I overdubbed some random burbling words following the guitar solo as a pseudo guide vocal.

It wasn’t working as a song…so I did a second take on the guitar solo and changed the sound a bit…then I had a thought, why not have both guitar solos vying (pardon the pun) off each other? So, the intro was held centre stage, and once we get to the turnaround, I panned one solo left and the second right…sounds good, but still no words. Maybe this is destined to be a perpetual instrumental, I thought.

It’s so far away from what I’d started with and certainly is no longer reminiscent of The Night. I tried playing in a bit of Hammond Organ to experiment with a different vibe altogether on the off-chance that would trigger some lyrical thoughts. But, that wasn’t to be either, just sounded too retro and like I was trying to ripoff the aforementioned seasonal song.

Then, another brainwave…how about choral harmonies nodding to The Beach Boys and Queen, that ought to keep it away from Northern Soul. So, I overdubbed six harmony parts, just singing “oohs” to fit the main riff. Applied some equalisation, reverb, the usual stuff, panned and stereo spread them to make it sound like a vocal ensemble rather than just my voice singing along to myself over and over. These became a standalone intro ahead of the instrumental drums and bass intro and are reprised later in the track a couple of times.

Finally, I chopped that chunk of choral to make it sit with the two-chord shuttle at the end of the song, where I abandon the chordal ascent, turnaround and descent and just sit on two major chords a I and a II before shifting up to a III, and not the minor chord (iii) as you’d expect. I later added a final bar of “aahs” also in six-parts just to add a tail to the piece, giving it a nice finale and takes us well back into the 1960s or early 1970s progressive rock in terms of style, I think.

A melting pot, a dash of The Four Seasons, a sprinkling of Chili Peppers, maybe some Placebo and The Manic Street Preachers, Queen, The Beach Boys, 10cc, The Eagles, who else? No idea, none of it was really deliberate and I still cannot call it a song, it’s definitely an instrumental.

That’s okay…tonight.

Footnote

I attempted to video myself from a couple of angles miming the guitar parts to the tune, but it all got a bit complicated trying to frame just my hands and the guitar without recruiting Mrs Sciencebase to assist. Instead, I went looking for a Creative Commons video that would fit the mood of the song and could be used freely. Found a nice montage of interesting video recordings from a Flickr contributor “illbethesun” aka Yug_and_her from Hyderabad. There are some lovely vignettes in the montage, all very atmospheric and evocative. I stretched and reversed and chopped and duplicated, and added some effects to make it long enough and intriguingly somehow tell the tale of this lyric-free song.

Unfortunately, I then noticed that although the search had supposedly brought back C0 content, this video actually had a rather limiting licence that precluded remixing and also commercial use. So, I searched again and found a properly C0, no rights reserved video, which is not quite as intriguing but it at least it allows me to use it as I please. It’s drone footage of Hong Kong at night. I added some thoughts in caption form to make this an instrumental with words.

I’ve messaged the creator of the original video to see if I can get permission, but have set it private on Youtube, it probably won’t play, but I’m leaving the code here ready for his hopefully positive response.