Category: Science

I have been photographing and reading about moths in detail only since late July 2018, I reported on my first year of mothing here. In that time, I have seen well over 400 and photographed as many. They are such a diverse group of insects with marvellous patterns. They come in all shapes and sizes and as I have mentioned before, the butterflies are simply a grouping within the moths, Lepidoptera. Their many names are something of a wonder too.

Some moths have more than a passing resemblance in terms of shape and habit. Take the Mother Shipton an the Burnet Companion. Now, I’ve seen these in wildflower meadows quite a lot so far this year. The Mother Shipton famously has patterning on its forewing that is reminiscent of a caricature of the legendary 16th Century witch Mother Shipton (purportedly a woman named Ursula Southeil, although it was only many decades after her death that the legend of her fortune-telling and ugliness were invented.

Now, in the mothing books, Mother Shipton is often placed on the same page as Burnet Companion. They are very similar in shape, size, and habit but with a rather different scaly patterning of their wings. You would imagine that taxonomically and genetically they have to be closely related, and presumably they are. And, indeed, Mother Shipton’s scientific name is Euclidia mi (Clerck, 1759) and Burnet Companion is Euclidia glyphica (Linnaeus, 1758). So, they are in the same genus, although originally Mother Shipton was in a different genus Calistege…which seemed odd, given how obviously similar it is to Burnet Companion.

Incidentally, the Burnet Companion is so-called because it frequents the same environment as the Burnet moths (Zygaena species) although strangely its flying times are reported as not overlapping as much you might imagine so “companion” is perhaps a little misplaced as a name.

Pretty much all of my curated moth photos are in a cluster of galleries over on my Imaging Storm website, under the banner Mothematics.

The Adonis Blue butterfly – Lysandra bellargus was present along Devil’s Dyke in double figures when I visited this week. Last year, there were much rarer reports of sightings, so it’s presumably established something of a colony here.

However, all is not as it seems. This species was not recorded at this site until very recently. Indeed, when the naturalists were first systematically recording species 200 years ago, it was definitely not listed as one of the natives in its natural habitat by Leonard Jenyns in this area. It’s usually found on chalky downs in the south of England. Devil’s Dyke itself, it should be noted, is not a natural feature, it’s of human construction.

It is likely that Adonis Blue has been deliberately and unofficially released by members of the public in the area and has begun to become established as it has also done in Therfield near Royston. The ones fluttering by Devil’s Dyke at the moment are perhaps second or third generation adults. It’s the correct habitat for the species, just not in the natural place.

UPDATE: I mentioned this larval nest to the County Moth Recorder, Bill Mansfield, and as he was not too far from the site in question, he took a look. It’s on a type of cherry tree, he found, so he’s narrowed down the moth species, to Bird Cherry Ermine, Yponemeuta evonymella. He points out that the tree is largely defoliated at this point and the web mostly now covering evergreen fir trees.

Friends often come to me with their lepidopteral and avian queries, it’s often a bird they’ve seen that they imagine is some great rarity, a mega, but often turns out to be something common, a Long-tailed Tit mistaken for a Great Grey Shrike for instance. One friend spots lots of moths in his farm-facing garden and on his allotment and jokingly emails me as MothMania…I can usually put him straight.

Another friend’s sixth-former offspring was perturbed to see what she thought was a huge spider’s web on the way to college, it shook her up a little. The friend asked me to take a look at the photo, I immediately thought – not spiders, moth larval nest! But, I didn’t know which species.

From the photos I’ve seen, I initially thought it to be the caterpillars of the Small Eggar moth, but that’s quite rare and present in the UK in specific, sporadic colonies. Other moths that make nests like this on bushes and trees would be The Lackey and the Brown-tail of which I’ve talked here in the past. It would be worrying if it were the invasive Oak Processionary Moth too, but thankfully it’s not that.

Over on Facebook, friend and fellow Cottenham moth-er Martin Fowlie suggested one of the ermine moths (Yponomeuta species) and that is what we’re settling on for the ID. Can’t be more specific without additional details at this point.

Photos kindly shared by Ken Bateup who posted on the Cambridgeshire Moths Facebook group.

Let me introduce Mother Shipton. This is the moth Euclidia mi. It’s a day-flying moth, darts between resting places quite quickly during May and June. It’s a fairly common species, but I’d only ever seen it briefly once before and didn’t get a decent shot of the upper side of its wings. This one was feeding on hawthorn alongside some Common Heath moths on Devil’s Dyke in Cambridgeshire. The larvae feed on trifolium, clover, and some grasses.

Oh, one more thing, some people might call it a Mother Shipton butterfly because it flies during the day, but all butterflies are moths by definition.

The vernacular name alludes to the renowned 16th Century soothsayer and alleged witch Mother Shipton (aka Ursula Southeil (ca. 1488–1561) of Knaresborough in North Yorkshire, England.

The markings on the moth’s forewings are said to resemble a fa fanciful and cartoonish impression of Mother Shipton’s profile featuring a beady eye, prominent nose and chin, and toothless maw. Judge for yourself.

Also seen on Devil’s Dyke: Green Hairstreak (21x), Brimstone butterfly, Orange Tip, Blue  (possibly Adonis, given time of year as opposed to Chalkhill, which emerges much later)